Laika · strategic & SEO consulting

International SEO

Multi-country, multi-language strategy: which markets deserve their own content, how to declare it with hreflang and how to stop them cannibalising each other.

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15
years working with brands selling abroad
6
senior specialisms inside the team
48 h
to reply, at most

Brands we've worked with abroad

  • Foot District
  • Cosentino
  • Telepizza
  • Arcos
  • Autocasión
  • ILUNION
  • El Corte Inglés
  • Uno de 50
  • Roberto Verino
  • Don Disfraz
  • Lladró
  • GF Hoteles
  • Racetick
  • Douglas
  • Startupxplore
  • Infoempleo
  • CEF
  • VisionLab
  • cdmon
  • Fronda
  • Tressis
  • Packlink
  • Toys R Us
  • SAP
  • Motocard
  • ¡HOLA!
  • Multiópticas
  • PandaGo
  • ALSA
  • Clínica Menorca
  • Funidelia
  • Regalo Original
  • Médicos Sin Fronteras
  • Maxcolchón
  • Cofares
  • Samsung
  • Logiscenter
  • Decathlon
  • Bijou Brigitte
  • Adolfo Domínguez
  • Kia
  • Foot District
  • Cosentino
  • Telepizza
  • Arcos
  • Autocasión
  • ILUNION
  • El Corte Inglés
  • Uno de 50
  • Roberto Verino
  • Don Disfraz
  • Lladró
  • GF Hoteles
  • Racetick
  • Douglas
  • Startupxplore
  • Infoempleo
  • CEF
  • VisionLab
  • cdmon
  • Fronda
  • Tressis
  • Packlink
  • Toys R Us
  • SAP
  • Motocard
  • ¡HOLA!
  • Multiópticas
  • PandaGo
  • ALSA
  • Clínica Menorca
  • Funidelia
  • Regalo Original
  • Médicos Sin Fronteras
  • Maxcolchón
  • Cofares
  • Samsung
  • Logiscenter
  • Decathlon
  • Bijou Brigitte
  • Adolfo Domínguez
  • Kia

Do any of these situations sound familiar?

Selling abroad isn't translating the site. It's deciding which markets deserve their own content, with what structure, and how it's declared so each version reaches its country.

You're going to open a new market

The decision is made and the important part is missing: whether that country needs a domain, a subfolder or just a language, and what content deserves to exist from day one.

You're going to inherit an international architecture nobody touches

There are domains, subdomains and folders piled up from old decisions, and nobody knows what happens if one piece moves.

You're going to fix hreflang that doesn't work

The tags are there, but they aren't reciprocal, they point to redirects or non-indexable pages, and Google keeps choosing the wrong country.

You're going to stop competing against yourself

Spain ranks in Mexico, the .com eats the local market and two versions of the same language cannibalise each other with nobody measuring it.

You're going to expand into a priority market

You have one key country or region in the business plan and need to know if it deserves its own structure, what content must exist and how not to compete against your other versions.

You're going to coordinate local teams

Each country publishes its own way, with literal translations and different criteria, and the result doesn't look like one brand.

Four fronts always reviewed, plus whatever your operation calls for

These four are in every project, though the weight of each changes a lot: opening three markets from scratch isn't the same as tidying fifteen inherited versions.

Market model and demand

Decide which countries are worth competing in, with data, before spending on content and development.

See the detail
  • Real demand per market and language, not commercial intuition
  • Local competition: who owns the SERP and with what kind of page
  • Telling a new market apart from a language variant already covered
  • Effort and return estimates per country to prioritise
  • A market map with a recommended order of entry

Architecture and domain structure

So the structure supports growth instead of becoming the next emergency migration.

See the detail
  • Choosing between ccTLD, subfolder and subdomain, with the trade-offs of each
  • URL paths and patterns per country and language
  • Consolidating inherited domains that no longer contribute
  • Redirects and language detection without blocking the crawler
  • A transition plan when the model has to change

Technical signals and hreflang

So each version reaches its country and none competes with another by mistake.

See the detail
  • Hreflang implementation: reciprocity, x-default and correct codes
  • Consistency across hreflang, canonical, sitemaps and indexing status
  • Duplication and cannibalisation between variants of the same language
  • Regional settings, currency, availability and structured data per country
  • Validation in Search Console for each market property

Localisation and local authority

So each market's content was thought for that market, not translated from the original.

See the detail
  • Local search intent: how people actually search in each country
  • A localisation guide and quality bar for teams and translators
  • Adapting templates, categories and naming per market
  • Local trust and authority signals, without buying links
  • Governance: who publishes, who reviews and against what criteria

And what each project adds

Depending on the countries, the current model and the type of business, specific fronts are added that wouldn't make sense in every expansion.

  • International model migration

    When domains have to become subfolders, or markets get consolidated, the work enters migration protocol with its own redirect plan.

  • Multi-country ecommerce

    Different catalogue, stock and pricing per market: what gets indexed in each country and how to stop the feed creating thousands of empty URLs.

  • Markets with their own search engine

    When the target country isn't played on Google alone, we review the specifics of the dominant engine.

  • AI visibility per language

    Models answer differently in each language. Where relevant, we review how you're cited outside your main market.

The decision that shapes everything: which URLs and which assets

Choosing between local domains, subfolders or subdomains isn't a technical preference: it defines the authority you can build, the teams you need and the cost of maintaining it for years. We compare the three options against your real context and recommend one, in writing and with its downsides on the table.

A

Local domains (ccTLD)

marca.es · marca.fr · marca.pt

In favour

  • The clearest geolocation signal per market
  • Each country moves at its own pace, team and budget
  • A problem in one market doesn't drag the others down

Against

  • Authority built from zero on every domain
  • Domain, server and measurement overhead multiplied
  • Content and popularity have to be earned locally

Fits whenWhen each market has its own business, catalogue and team, and expansion is progressive.

B

Subfolders on a gTLD

marca.com/es/ · marca.com/fr/ · marca.com/en/

In favour

  • All authority concentrated on a single domain
  • Simple execution and minimal infrastructure cost
  • One technical maintenance track and one measurement setup

Against

  • No local IP: weaker geolocation signals
  • A global problem hits every market at once
  • Projects with many languages get hard to govern

Fits whenWhen catalogue and brand are the same abroad and what changes is the language, not the business.

C

Subdomains per market

es.marca.com · fr.marca.com

In favour

  • Allows local hosting and IP per market
  • Clean technical separation between versions

Against

  • Extra SEO effort: each subdomain behaves almost like a separate site
  • With many countries it becomes unmanageable
  • It usually means migrating the main domain, the last thing you want

Fits whenAlmost always discarded. It only holds when the platform forces infrastructure separation.

How it gets decided

Six criteria that weigh more than any opinion, because they decide whether the model holds when you open the next market.

  • What's inherited and what can move

    Changing the model almost always means a migration. If the main domain has history and authority, moving it has to be well worth it.

  • Market or language: not the same thing

    A new language doesn't justify a new domain. A market with its own pricing, catalogue and competition usually does.

  • Who is going to maintain it

    The structure has to fit the real team: if nobody publishes and measures in each country, you don't open domains.

  • Opening pace and budget

    Opening five markets in a year isn't sustained like opening one per quarter. The model must let you stop without breaking anything.

  • Equivalent or divergent content

    Hreflang only works where real equivalence exists. If each country's blog differs, those URLs aren't equivalent and shouldn't be marked as such.

  • How the root and the entry point are chosen

    Which version lives at the root, whether there's a country selector, whether geo-IP suggests a market, and what the crawler sees in each case.

Who does it?

Senior profiles who sit with engineering and each country's team without an interpreter. Whoever diagnoses is who explains it and who reviews it again.

Why Laika?

Because expanding badly costs more than not expanding.

Opening countries is easy; picking the ones with demand, holding them with a structure that lasts and coordinating local teams is what changes the outcome.

  • We choose markets with data, not with the sales plan

    Opening a country without demand costs content, development and internal credibility. We'd rather tell you three markets are worth more than twelve.

  • The structure is chosen once and paid for forever

    Domain, subfolder or subdomain isn't a technical preference: it shapes authority, teams and budget for years.

  • We've seen what happens when a market moves

    Consolidating or migrating international versions is a migration with all its consequences, and we treat it as one.

  • We work with your local teams, not above them

    Whoever knows the market is the one in it. Our role is to bring judgement, order and a guide they can actually use.

Frequently asked questions

Do you translate content?

We coordinate and set the criteria; translation is done by native market profiles.

How long until I see results?

The first findings and decisions land within weeks. Impact on visibility and revenue depends on your platform and your team's implementation speed: on mid-sized projects we usually talk about three to six months for solid movement.

I worked with another agency and it didn't work. Why now?

What usually fails is judgement, not effort: tasks get executed without deciding what matters. Before proposing anything we review your data, and if the problem isn't visibility we'll tell you, even if it means not selling the project.

Tell us what's holding you back

With the countries you're in, the ones you want to open and your current structure, we can tell you where we'd start. We look at your project before proposing anything.

Tell us like you'd tell a colleague: no jargon needed.

We only use this to reply to you.

Do you have open markets that aren't performing?

We look at what's there, what deserves investment and with what structure, and write it up so your team can execute it.

Talk to us about your markets